Is It Bad to Eat Before Bed?

Is eating before bed really bad for you? The answer might surprise you. Here's what the science actually says about late-night eating and weight gain.

Is It Bad to Eat Before Bed?

Key Takeaways

  • Eating before bed does not automatically cause weight gain — what you eat matters more than when you eat it.
  • Your metabolism slows during sleep but still averages out to a similar rate as during the day, as your body uses energy to fuel the brain, organs, and recovery.
  • Some research suggests late-night eating can have benefits, such as helping you fall asleep, reducing nighttime snacking, and stabilising morning blood sugar levels.
  • If you are prone to heartburn, eating too close to bedtime is best avoided.
  • Healthy late-night snack options include fruit, nuts, toast with avocado, or veggies with hummus — steer clear of sugary or high-fat junk foods.

A lot of people are concerned about eating too close to bedtime.

On one hand, some people say you're more likely to gain weight if you eat too late at night. On the other hand, others say that what you eat is more important than when you eat.

This article answers the popular question — is it bad to eat before bed?

Is it bad to eat before bed?

There's a lot of controversy around eating before bed.

This is because many people believe you're more likely to gain fat if you eat before bed.

One reason why this belief came around is that your metabolism does slow down when you sleep. Also, animal studies have linked eating late at night to gaining fat.12

While it's true your metabolism slows down at night, it still averages out to be the same as the speed of your metabolism during the day. This is because your body uses a lot of energy while you sleep to fuel your brain, organs, and aid processes like recovery.34

Studies in people show that what you eat is more important than when you eat.5

Interestingly, some studies show that eating late can have benefits like helping you fall asleep, curb nighttime snacking, and stabilize your blood sugar levels the next morning.67

That said, there are some situations where you should avoid eating late at night. For example, if you're prone to heartburn, it's not a good idea to eat too close to bedtime.

However, there's no real reason why you shouldn't eat too late if you're healthy.

Summary

Eating late isn't a concern unless you are prone to heartburn. What's more important is what foods you choose to eat, rather than what time you decide to eat them.

What should I eat before bed

What should you eat before bed?

If you enjoy a late-night snack, try to choose more nutrient-rich, lower-calorie foods.

Some delicious healthy options include:

  • A handful of fruit
  • Apple slices with nut butter
  • A slice of toast with avocado
  • A few squares of dark chocolate
  • A handful of nuts
  • Plain air-popped popcorn
  • Carrots and celery sticks with hummus

While it's tempting to reach for desserts or other junk foods, they're often loaded with unhealthy fats and added sugars, which can trigger cravings and lead to overeating.

Summary

If you enjoy a late-night snack, try one of the healthy options above or other nutrient-rich lower-calorie foods. Avoid eating sugary and junk foods too late.

References

  1. Almoosawi, S., Vingeliene, S., Karagounis, L. G., & Pot, G. K. (2019). Chrono-nutrition: A review of current evidence. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 78(2), 1–12.
  2. Arble, D. M., Bass, J., Laposky, A. D., Vitaterna, M. H., & Turek, F. W. (2009). Circadian timing of food intake contributes to weight gain. Obesity, 17(11), 2100–2102.
  3. Dashti, H. S., Scheer, F. A. J. L., Jacques, P. F., Lamon-Fava, S., & Ordovás, J. M. (2015). Short sleep duration and dietary intake: Epidemiologic evidence, mechanisms, and health implications. Advances in Nutrition, 6(6), 648–659.
  4. Fonken, L. K., Workman, J. L., Walton, J. C., et al. (2010). Light at night increases body mass by shifting the time of food intake. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(43), 18664–18669.
  5. Hall, K. D., Ayuketah, A., Brychta, R., et al. (2019). Ultra-processed diets cause excess calorie intake and weight gain. Cell Metabolism, 30(1), 67–77.
  6. Kaltenbach, T., Crockett, S., & Gerson, L. B. (2006). Are lifestyle measures effective in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease? Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(9), 965–971.
  7. Kinsey, A. W., & Ormsbee, M. J. (2015). The health impact of nighttime eating: Old and new perspectives. Nutrients, 7(4), 2648–2662.
  8. Madzima, T. A., Melanson, J. T., Black, J. R., et al. (2014). Night-time consumption of protein or carbohydrate results in increased morning resting energy expenditure in active college-aged men. British Journal of Nutrition, 111(1), 71–77.
  9. Pontzer, H., Yamada, Y., Sagayama, H., et al. (2021). Daily energy expenditure through the human life course. Science, 373(6556), 808–812.
  10. Shechter, A., St-Onge, M. P., DelMastro, K., & O'Keeffe, M. (2014). The role of sleep in energy balance regulation and metabolism. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 43(1), 121–136.
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